MMUPHin

A differential abundance analysis for the comparison of two or more conditions. Useful for analyzing data from standard RNA-seq or meta-RNA-seq assays as well as selected and unselected values from in-vitro sequence selections. Uses a Dirichlet-multinomial model to infer abundance from counts, optimized for three or more experimental replicates. The method infers biological and sampling variation to calculate the expected false discovery rate, given the variation, based on a Wilcoxon Rank Sum test and Welch's t-test (via aldex.ttest), a Kruskal-Wallis test (via aldex.kw), a generalized linear model (via aldex.glm), or a correlation test (via aldex.corr). All tests report predicted p-values and posterior Benjamini-Hochberg corrected p-values. ALDEx2 also calculates expected standardized effect sizes for paired or unpaired study designs. ALDEx2 can now be used to estimate the effect of scale on the results and report on the scale-dependent robustness of results.

A novel framework to correct for batch effects prior to any downstream analysis in microbiome data based on Projection to Latent Structures Discriminant Analysis. The main method is named “PLSDA-batch”. It first estimates treatment and batch variation with latent components, then subtracts batch-associated components from the data whilst preserving biological variation of interest. PLSDA-batch is highly suitable for microbiome data as it is non-parametric, multivariate and allows for ordination and data visualisation. Combined with centered log-ratio transformation for addressing uneven library sizes and compositional structure, PLSDA-batch addresses all characteristics of microbiome data that existing correction methods have ignored so far. Two other variants are proposed for 1/ unbalanced batch x treatment designs that are commonly encountered in studies with small sample sizes, and for 2/ selection of discriminative variables amongst treatment groups to avoid overfitting in classification problems. These two variants have widened the scope of applicability of PLSDA-batch to different data settings.

The bugsigdbr package implements convenient access to bugsigdb.org from within R/Bioconductor. The goal of the package is to facilitate import of BugSigDB data into R/Bioconductor, provide utilities for extracting microbe signatures, and enable export of the extracted signatures to plain text files in standard file formats such as GMT.

Dirichlet-multinomial mixture models can be used to describe variability in microbial metagenomic data. This package is an interface to code originally made available by Holmes, Harris, and Quince, 2012, PLoS ONE 7(2): 1-15, as discussed further in the man page for this package, ?DirichletMultinomial.

Pipeline for Statistical Inference of Associations between Microbial Communities And host phenoTypes (SIAMCAT). A primary goal of analyzing microbiome data is to determine changes in community composition that are associated with environmental factors. In particular, linking human microbiome composition to host phenotypes such as diseases has become an area of intense research. For this, robust statistical modeling and biomarker extraction toolkits are crucially needed. SIAMCAT provides a full pipeline supporting data preprocessing, statistical association testing, statistical modeling (LASSO logistic regression) including tools for evaluation and interpretation of these models (such as cross validation, parameter selection, ROC analysis and diagnostic model plots).

MaAsLin2 is comprehensive R package for efficiently determining multivariable association between clinical metadata and microbial meta'omic features. MaAsLin2 relies on general linear models to accommodate most modern epidemiological study designs, including cross-sectional and longitudinal, and offers a variety of data exploration, normalization, and transformation methods. MaAsLin2 is the next generation of MaAsLin.